Automotive Industry in Slovakia Essay Example for Free

Automotive Industry in Slovakia Essay 2. Describe the industry and explain why you have chosen that one (Porter’s five forces). The automotive industry is a big term; indeed it is used to describe a large range of companies and organizations engaged in the development, design, manufacture, marketing, and selling of motor vehicles. The automotive industry is one of the world’s most important economic sectors in terms of revenue. The automotive industry is one of the biggest industries in Slovakia with big manufacturers such as Volkswagen, PSA Peugeot- Citroà «n and Kia. Porters Five Forces are used to examine the attractiveness of an industry. It is done by observing five forces which influence that industry. The five forces are; 1. The threat of new entrants 2. The bargaining power of customers 3. The threat of substitute products 4. The bargaining power suppliers have 5. The intensity of the competitive rivalry 1. The threat of new entrants: This is generally a very low threat. Factors to examine for this threat include all barriers to entry such as upfront capital requirements, brand equity, legislation and government policy and the ability to distribute the product. A new entrant will also have to adapt he’s cars to the customers habits, e.g. bigger cars in the US than in Europe. 2. The bargaining power of customers: There are so many cars to choose nowadays. The main factors that affect the customer’s choice to purchase a car or not are: * The appearance * Quality * Price * Environmental effect Customers like to have the latest brand new looking car on the market. The quality of the car will be an important issue in the choice. The car has to be efficient, which means a safe and less consuming car. Due to all the competitors you find in the market, customers will be able to purchase a cheaper car at a good level of quality. Car manufacturers are also building environmental friendly cars; indeed, they have to take into consideration all the environmental problems we are having nowadays. A car will be purchased depending on the lifestyle of the buyer. 3. The threat of substitute products There are very low substitute products, indeed apart from the second hand business where you are able to purchase older cars at lower prices than the new ones or a city/country with very good public transportation, bicycle lanes that would allow you to move in a different and cheaper way than our usual cars you will not find any other substitute. 4. The bargaining power suppliers have: In the car industry this refers to all the suppliers of parts, tires, components, electronics, and even the assembly line workers. Suppliers usually have very low power, indeed, each manufacturer has many suppliers. Toyota has more than 10 different suppliers in the US which means car manufacturers do not rely at all on the suppliers but the suppliers rely on the manufacturers. 5. The intensity of the competitive rivalry In most countries all carmakers are engaged in fierce competition. All major car-producing nations experience this intense rivalry. This obviously includes the US, Japan, Italy, France, the UK, Germany, China, India, and more. While a Porters five forces analysis applies to all companies competing in one same industry, what differs is that those firms profitability will vary between them. This is because of their own competitive advantages and varying business models. So just because all firms in one industry and market are subject to the same forces doesnt mean they perform equally. We should not forget that an analysis of Porters five forces will not be the same in all countries and same for the type of automotive industry, we understand by type whether if it’s the electric car industry or the conventional car industry. 4. Describe profile of successful business leader (or company) operating in this industry. Identify key elements of the strategy that lead her/him to success.

Brown vs. The Board of Education of Topeka 1954 :: essays research papers

Brown vs. The Board of Education of Topeka 1954 Oliver Brown and 12 other plaintiffs (names undisclosed) brought suit against the Board of Education with the help of the NAACP (National Association for the Advancement of Colored People). During this time in history segregation existed in some facets of our educational system. In the state of Kansas, to be more precise Topeka, segregation was dominant among elementary schools. A group consisting of Oliver Brown and 12 other parents (20 children involved) wanted equal educational rights and do away with segregation among the school system. Each person was to look for enrollment dates at the â€Å"white† schools in their neighborhood and take their children to be admitted. The all white school refused to enroll them because of their race. The families then reported to the NAACP, who they have recruited to help in this legal matter. The Board of Education was in direct violation of the 14th Amendment of the Constitution, which â€Å"guarantees all citizens equal protection under the law†, giving cause to file a class action suit. Oliver Brown was designated as the leader of the group because during this time men were dominant in society, having more power than women. On February 28, 1951, the NAACP filed their case against The Board of Education, naming it Oliver L. Brown et. al. Vs. The Board of Education of Topeka (KS). The District court ruled against Brown, resulting in an appeal to the Supreme Court of the United States. When this case made it to the Supreme Court, it was combined with other â€Å"like† cases from Delaware, South Carolina, Virginia, and Washington, D.C. These combined cases became known as Oliver L. Brown, et. at. Vs. The Board of Education of Topeka, et. al. On May 17, 1954 at 12:52 p.m. the United States Supreme Court decided unanimously that The Board of Education acted unconstitutionally and that they violated the 14th Amendment by separated children if for no other reason than for their race. In the end, not only did the African Americans receive a victory in this aspect of the civil rights movement; they also received the memory of this victory in the form of a historical site.

Japanese Culture Essay

social forces which influence the society and its values. Every culture has its own unique qualities not found in other cultures. Japan is no exception. It is culture is centered on the core values and traditions. They lead Japanese people to have different ways of looking at the world largely from differences in language and religion. Japanese culture determines specific way of living and social relations, cultural and religious views. History, Culture and Lifestyle Japanese history rises mistily out of the period known to archeologists as the Tomb or Tumulus period. During this important period Japan was unified under the imperial court of Yamato and became intimately involved with South Korea, pathway for many cultural elements of continental origin into Japan. Writing was one such element. Japan began to have historico-legendary records of its own and gradually moved from its protohistoric to the historic period. The main historical period were â€Å"Asoka period (522-710), Nara Period (710-784), Early Heian (784-897), Middle and Late Heian (897-1185), Kamacura period (1185-1336), Murimachi Period (1336-1393), Memoyama period (1573-1614), Edo Period (1615-1867), Meiji Restoration (1867-1911)† (Martines, 1998). During all historical period, Japanese lifestyle was influenced by political, economic and social changes, new perception of the world and religion. Japanese culture is based on unique traditions and values influenced by religion and life style. The Japanese learned to view the world from the perspective of traditional versus modern values after the Meiji Restoration in 1868 following the opening of Japan’s doors to the world. This attitudinal structure started to fall apart in 1978, and its disintegration became definite by 1988. For example, the â€Å"conquering† nature was an important value during the era of Japan’s modernization process, but it has since been replaced by the â€Å"following† nature. In the middle of the XX century, the traditional perspective of catching up with the West and categorizing what is Western and Japanese has become meaningless (Oxtoby 2001). While the industrialization process produced divergent values for Japan and the West, it also is responsible for the development of some homogeneous cultural values. Researchers found three levels of similarities: (1) frequency distribution of single variables, (2) similar impacts of age and gender on attitudes, and (3) similar structures in the way people categorize their experience (Oxtoby 2001). Modern Japanese lifestyle is influenced by industrialization and innovations coming from other countries. Thus, Japanese value their old traditions and rituals adapting them to new social environment. For instance, Japanese take off shoes inside the house, they pay 5% commission tax for purchases, they follow bath and toilette design according to norms and practices of century old traditions (Oxtoby 2001). In short, the Japanese self, characterized by its diffuse nature or collective orientation, represents a self who lost its space to be free of the omnipresence of the giri-ninja social network in Japanese society in return for being taken care of by its group. The strong sense of belonging to one’s company and family assures one materially a comfortable life at the individual level and stability and safety at the social level, making Japan relatively free of violent crimes. Such a life is stifling and meaningless to Americans even if they must pay a high price of alienating from the rest of society (Shelley, 1992). Japan managed to keep a sense of alienation to a minimum as it industrialized and urbanized by maintaining its virtually â€Å"village† mentality and social network. However, the value the Japanese gain by observing the traditional code of conducts, the giri-ninjo, is material and psychological welfare, which is provided to members of Japanese society more or less equally and fairly at the individual level, and public safety, which is provided at the collective level in Japan today. Another pair of terms often used in discussing Japanese culture is tatemae and honne. The former refers to the proper role expectation as defined by society and the second to one’s real inner feelings, however irrational they may be. Often, to act in accordance with giri is to act in conformity with the norm of a community (tatemae). The role language plays in culture cannot be underestimated, for it offers a way of organizing one’s life experience in a particular way that is shared by its speakers but not necessarily by people in other cultures (Davies and Ikeno, 2002). Family is one of the most important social institutions which keep century old traditions and human relations. In response to the traditional call for harmony, the Japanese are expected to conform to group norms. This proclivity yields situational ethics based on flexible standards (Shelley, 1992). There are no absolute criteria by which one passes judgment. The Japanese spend a disproportionately large sum of money for socializing, as embodied in semiannual gift exchanges between friends, relatives, and colleagues and after-work drinking of working men and women among co-workers and friends. Religion In Japan, nearly 100 % of the population are Buddhists and in many cases Scientists. The Japanese are, of course, not religious in the sense that they believe in God. Christians constitute about I % of the total population. Most Japanese are not very concerned with religion. They celebrate the birth of children in accordance with the Shinto rituals and bury their dead with the help of Buddhist priests. Meanwhile, they may get married in civil ceremonies, Christian churches, or other facilities. That is perhaps what makes it possible for the Japanese to accept more than one religion at the same time, an unthinkable option for monotheistic people of the West and West Asia, accustomed as they are to dialecticism. The Japanese approach the world in a diffuse fashion or inclusively. The number of Japanese with a religious faith increases with age (Davies and Ikeno, 2002). Fewer than 10 % of the Japanese in their early twenties and about 50 % of Japanese senior citizens over sixty years of age are religious. The older one becomes, the more religious one becomes. Likewise, Japan never had any revolutions such as experienced by China, France, and the United States. Revolutions are carried out by those who believe in the total destruction of the old regime and the establishment of a radically different doctrine. The Japanese seem to be incapable of totally denying their past. They are always interested in improving (kaizen) their existing system–be it via fax machine, Buddhism, or television sets. The majority of the Japanese do not take religion very seriously from the Western perspective (Oxtoby 2001). Japanese mythology distinguishes two categories of deities, the heavenly gods and the native or territorial gods. Some myths represent the heavenly deities as descending to the land of Japan to conquer or rule its autochthonous deities. The myth of land transfer in Izumo is one instance. Two generals of the heavenly gods were dispatched to Izumo to demand of O-Kuninushi, chief of the native gods and master of the territory of Japan, that he hand over sovereignty to the heavenly gods (Oxtoby 2001).

6 Icebreakers for Corporate Meetings

Janet Reno - First Woman Attorney General of the U.S.

Lessons Learned - 2178 Words

Jhesson Ynoa Eng11 – 1857 May 10, 2010 In the essays that we have read this semester, the authors were effective in helping their readers to learn something from the authors various subject matters, which could be used in the readers’ own lives. I have chosen four essays that I have read this term from which I have learned from. The four essays I decided on are: â€Å"Shooting an Elephant† by George Orwell, â€Å"Sex, Lies, and Conversation† by Deborah Tannen, â€Å"What Really Scares Us† by David Ropeik, and â€Å"Delusions of Grandeur† by Henry Louis Gates, Jr. In George Orwell’s â€Å"Shooting an Elephant† Orwell writes of his experience in British ruled India in the early Twentieth Century. At the time, he was a young, inexperienced soldier stationed†¦show more content†¦Women don’t mind another point of view as long as it is in the form of a suggestion or inquiry rather than as a direct challenge. All these differences in this essay begin to clarify why men and women have such different expectations of communication. Tannen suggests, once men and women understand these differences, improvement in communication will come naturally. In the future one can use the information in this essay to recognize his or her differences when it comes to conversation and learn to alter their behavior to improve communication with their partner, rather than right and wrong which can lead to breaking up or divorce. In David Ropeik’s â€Å"What Really Scares Us†, Ropeik argues that Humans perceive risk through emotions rather than reasoning even though we obtain a highly advanced brain which gives us the power to reason. Ropeik says that the reason humans perceive risk emotionally before reasoning is because our brains are biologically built to fear first and think second. The brain has two parts that are built mainly for reasoning and emotion. 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Compare and contrast Africa and South Asia free essay sample

Regions and colonies all around the eastern hemisphere were diverse and comparable in different ways from post World War II (1945) to present day. Aspects regarding economy and society like marches for independence and freedom predominated in the two regions. India and South Africa both reached economical stability and political equality by management of foreign investment and internal investment, providing different alternatives to established policies, and by establishing religious and social differences. Economy constantly changed for both nations, changing politics as well as leaders. South Asia and Africa had different points of view on a constantly growing economy after times of devastation (WW2). Both with different ideas of an ideal economy, but with the same goals, which made their economies grow differently until the current day. After World War II Jawaharlal Nehru, India’s first prime minister, desired to obtain the proficient route of transporting resources, which many fellow countries like Russia had. We will write a custom essay sample on Compare and contrast: Africa and South Asia or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Jawaharlal saw the private sector as a waste of time and didn’t believe that the PSD method economy would give India economical advances. After denying the Private Sector, Nehru developed the Economic Activity and Planning Commission (EAPC) which had managing and balancing the economy as main goal. The commission started of strong, but its low rate of change made the commission have poor results. No one denied the commission and eventually it reached economical stability, but it slow growth meant that the state enterprises were hurting public goods and resources. In 1980 The Indian nation believed in change when Nehru’s grandson came into rule. Nehru’s grandson just created more liberal policies and bad economic decisions about foreign trade, which led India into a slow economical crisis. When Rajiv Gandhi came to power on 1984 he completely turned around Indian economy. Rajiv increased governmental support for science and technological industries and he reduced import quotas. Gandhi also founded the Jawahar Navodoya Vidyalaya system, which concentrated in the rural upliftment providing free education. Rajiv Gandhi’s reforms boosted India’s economy to a rate of 5. 6%. India’s actual GDP per capita in 2013 is 1,491$. South Africa’s idea was similar to India’s, by having the same economical goal. Right after World War II in 1948, South Africa’s National Party won the elections and the Apartheid was established. The Apartheid led to economic imbalance and white people were privileged over black people. After the Apartheid was established, South Africa’s economy was by the floor because of civil wars and political corruption/ internal conflict. After many years of conflict South Africa had its first multiracial elections in 1994. The African National Congress (ANC) emerged with the purpose of recovering South African economy. Even though economy was rising by attracting some foreign capital its rate was to slow to show fast progress. It was only until 2000 that president Thabo Mbekivowed promoted economic inflation by foreign investment and relaxing restrictive labor laws. By 2004 South African Economy saw the biggest change in history, enabling it to have an actual GDP per capita in 2013 of 8,078$. Both India and South Africa started from the bottom by bad country managing and central government, but foreign ideals of investment made their economies evolve. Political instability in both countries led to a difference in manifestations in regards to government action over the country. The British left India after World War II and even though Indians though it was progressive for their country, it was only harmful. India’s crucial question was politics. Who would be the leader after the British left. India was not fully prepared for independence and disputes over power arose. The chaos started after Pakistan declared itself an independent nation. Jawaharial Nehru came to power with socialist visions. Nehru wanted India to re join back together by socialist means. His policies implied the improvement of India layed upon socialism. Nuhru was trying to improve life for the poor and replace the profit system with cooperation. Even though Nehru’s ideals were viable, many Indians were against his policies. Mohandas Gandhi was one the few people who provided a different way of improvement. Gandhi encouraged the rural life instead of the urban life. Massacres between India and Pakistan left only more political disagreement creating social statuses and classes such as the caste system. Many engagement took place (Indo-Pakistani) wars, As Nehru’s grandson took power, things started to cool down as India’s economy was now self sufficient. Until this day political differences have created tension between these two countries. South Africa faced the same problem as Indian politics, which finally concluded in civil wars. After World War II the Apartheid was establishes, which brought many political disagreement by civilians, especially black people. These political disputes created a politically unstable South Africa, which could revolt at any moment. Nelson Mandela started his manifestation with peaceful protest, which had the same concepts as the one Gandhi made in India. Even though he gained people support he was arrested for 27. Nelson Mandel became president in 1994 when the first multiracial elections took place. Political stability was brought back after many years of civil war. Both nations suffered from great internal hits like civil wars, which left the countries political stability hanging preventing development and advancement. Decolonization and social aspects of both South Asia and Africa had similar results, but the process in which it was achieved was outstandingly different in regards to religion, politics and economy. World War II left many European countries weak, which enabled European colonies to take advantage of the situation and gain their independence. African nations where very independent and denied the idea of involving other ethnities in their lands, making their governments a self centered military power. Indians on the other hand used democracy to gain power of the masses. By using democracy Indians were able to get their independence united, but religious disputes and political corruption led to a never ending civil war. This civil war led to India’s fragmentation. After decades of fighting India declared itself a democratic nation, favoring the amount of Hindus which over lapsed the Muslims, on the other hand African governments remained dictatorships and after several years some African countries like South Africa attained democracy. African decolonization was similar in many ways, but the outcome was different, as African countries such as South Africa abolished the civil war. India could not seize the political and religious instability causing prolonged civil wars, which still exist until current date. Africa and South Asia are both similar and different in regards to political, economical and religious statements. Their politics both changed as colonizers came to exploit land in World War I, but as World War II vanished both political and economical advances where further implemented to achieve equality and independence. Both nations parted their ways and both achieved common goals, even though their methods and executions where different. Mahatma Gandhi and Nelson Mandela were known not only as heroes, but as creators of new development and new generations.